Īnother important factor behind Costa Rica's poverty was the lack of a significant indigenous population available for forced labor, which meant that most of the Costa Rican settlers had to work on their own land, preventing the establishment of large haciendas. Costa Rica was described as "the poorest and most miserable Spanish colony in all America" by a Spanish governor in 1719. Costa Rica's distance from the capital in Guatemala, its legal prohibition under Spanish law to trade with its southern neighbors in Panama, then part of the Viceroyalty of New Granada (i.e., Colombia), and the lack of resources such as gold and silver, made Costa Rica into a poor, isolated, and sparsely inhabited region within the Spanish Empire. ĭuring most of the colonial period, Costa Rica was the southernmost province of the Captaincy General of Guatemala, which was nominally part of the Viceroyalty of New Spain (i.e., Mexico), but which in practice operated as a largely autonomous entity within the Spanish Empire. Numerous subsequent Spanish expeditions followed, eventually leading to the first Spanish colony, Villa Bruselas in Costa Rica in 1524. The colonial period began when Christopher Columbus reached the eastern coast of Costa Rica on his fourth voyage in 1502. History Costa Rica was one of the relatively more isolated populations of the New Spain viceroyalty Average Costa Rican Family - Early Twentieth Century. The immigration received from Nicaragua and the rest of Central America during this century can be perceived nowadays in every corner of the country. The country has received immigration from Europe, Africa, Asia, the Americas etc. The Atlantic coast, meanwhile, was populated with Jamaican immigrant workers during the 19th century. The central and southern portions of the country had Chibcha influences. The northwest of the country, the Nicoya peninsula, was the southernmost point of Nahuatl cultural influence when the Spanish conquerors ( conquistadores) came in the 16th century. Ĭosta Rica was the point where the Mesoamerican and South American native cultures met. By 2016, the population had increased to about 4.9 million. ![]() The population growth rate between 20 estimated to be 1.5% annually, with a birth rate of 17.8 live births per 1,000 inhabitants and a mortality rate of 4.1 deaths per 1,000 inhabitants. īy 2018, Costa Rica has a population of 5,000,000 people. Costa Ricans are predominantly Castizos, other ethnic groups people of Indigenous, European, African and Asian (predominantly Chinese) descent. Costa Ricans ( Spanish: Costarricenses also called Ticos) are the citizens of Costa Rica, a multiethnic, Spanish-speaking nation in Central America.
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